Publications
Bold: group members; ^: equal contribution; *: corresponding author
2026
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H. Qi, H. Yang, T. Li, M. Li, W. Zhou, X. Dong, L. Zhu*, W. Zhai*. Geometry-programmed self-wrinkling in organo-hydrogels for anisotropic mechanics and adaptive sensing.
Nat. Commun., 2026.
Selectively featured in Editors' Highlights
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L. Zhu*, B. Rallabandi, M. Winton, H. A. Stone*. Continuum model of wind-driven formation of coastal polynyas.
Phys. Rev. Res., 8, 013168, 2026
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Y. Fu, M. T. K. Hao, D. Chen, L. Zhu, P. S. Lee. Reduced-order initialization model for accelerating topology optimization in thermal-fluid system.
Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng., 452, B, 118794, 2026
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M. D. Corato*, K. Zhang, L. Zhu*. Colloidal Magnus effect in polymer solutions.
Newton, 2, 100373, 2026
2025
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M. Li, L. Zhu*. Theoretical framework for designing phase change material systems.
J. Fluid Mech., 1015, A7, 2025.
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X. Zhang, Z. Xu, G. Zhu, C. M. J. Tay, Y. Cui, B. C. Khoo, L. Zhu*. Using large language models for parametric shape optimization. Phys. Fluids, 37, 083601, 2025.
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T. Xiong, Z. Liu, Y. Wang, C. J. Ong, L. Zhu*. Chemotactic navigation in robotic swimmers via reset-free hierarchical reinforcement learning.
Nat. Commun., 16, 5441, 2025.
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Z. Xu, L. Zhu*. Training microrobots to swim by a large language model.
Phys. Rev. Appl., 23, 044058, 2025.
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H. Zhang, C. Shu, L.-P. Wang, Y. Liu, L. Zhu. A lattice Boltzmann flux solver for numerical simulation of flows with the viscoelastic fluid. Comput. Fluids, 292, 106593, 2025.
2024
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H. Han, X. Ma, W. Deng, J. Zhang, S. Tang, O. S. Pak, L. Zhu, E. Criado-Hidalgo, C. Gong, E. Karshalev, J. Yoo, M. You, A. Liu, C. Wang, H. K. Shen, P. N. Patel, C. L. Hays, P. J. Gunnarson, L. Li, Y. Zhang, J. O. Dabiri, L. V. Wang, M. G. Shapiro, D. Wu, Q. Zhou, J. R. Greer, W. Gao. Imaging-guided bioresorbable acoustic hydrogel microrobots. Sci. Robot., 9, eadp3593, 2024.
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Y. Chao, L. Zhu, Z. Ding, T. Kong, J. Chang, Z. Wang. Stability of gravity-driven viscous films flowing down a soft cylinder. Phys. Rev. Fluids, 9, 094001, 2024.
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Z. Liu, Z. Zheng, Y. Chao, L. Zhu*. Spontaneous oscillation of an active filament under viscosity gradients. Soft Matter, 20, 3845-3853, 2024. Invited contribution to Soft Matter Emerging Investigator Series
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G. Zhu^, B. van Gogh^, L. Zhu, O. S. Pak, Y. Man. Self-diffusiophoretic propulsion of a spheroidal particle in a shear-thinning fluid. J. Fluid Mech., 986, A39, 2024.
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Q. Yang^, M. Jiang^, F. Picano, L. Zhu*. Shaping active matter from crystalline solids to active turbulence. Nat. Commun., 15, 2874, 2024.
2023
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G. Zhu, L. Zhu*. Self-propulsion of an elliptical phoretic disk emitting solute uniformly.
J. Fluid Mech., 974, A57, 2023.
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Y. Yang, M. F. Zhang, L. Zhu, T. H. Zhang. Tunable memory and activity of Quincke particles in micellar fluid. Chinese Phys. Lett., 40, 126401, 2023.
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Q. Jiang, C. Shu, L. Zhu, L. Yang, Y. Liu, Z. Zhang. Applications of finite difference‐based physics‐informed neural networks to steady incompressible isothermal and thermal flows. Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids, 95, 10, 1565–1597, 2023.
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X. Chen, Y. Peng, L. Zhu, W. Wang. Dielectrophoretic colloidal levitation by electrode polarization in oscillating electric fields. Langmuir, 39, 19, 6932-6945, 2023.
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K. Qin, Z. Zou, L. Zhu, O. S. Pak. Reinforcement learning of a multi-link swimmer at low Reynolds numbers. Phys. Fluids, 35, 032003, 2023.
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W.-Z. Fang^, T. Xiong^, O. S. Pak, L. Zhu*. Data-driven intelligent manipulation of particles in microfluidics. Adv. Sci, 10, 2205382, 2023.
2022
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G. Zhu^, W.-Z. Fang^, L. Zhu*. Optimizing low-Reynolds-number predation via optimal control and reinforcement learning. J. Fluid Mech., 944, A3, 2022.
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Y. Su, A. Castillo, O. S. Pak, L. Zhu, R. Zenit. Viscoelastic levitation
J. Fluid Mech., 943, A23, 2022.
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W.-Z. Fang^, F. Zhu^, L. Zhu*, W.-Q. Tao, C. Yang*. Self-peeling of frozen water droplets upon impacting a cold surface. Commun. Phys., 5, 51, 2022.
2021
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Q. Jiang, L. Zhu, C. Shu, V. Sekar. Multilayer perceptron neural network activated by adaptive Gaussian radial basis function and its application to predict lid-driven cavity flow. Acta Mech. Sin., 37, 1757–1772, 2021.
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Q. Jiang, L. Zhu, C. Shu, V. Sekar. An efficient multilayer RBF neural network and its application to regression problems. Neural. Comput. Appl., 34:4133–4150, 2021.
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G. Liu, Z. Liu, L. Zhu, R. Zhang, J. Yuan. Upcoming flow promotes the bundle formation of bacterial flagella. Biophys. J., 120, 4391–4398, 2021.
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W.-Z. Fang, F. Viola, S. Camarri, C. Yang, L. Zhu*. A low-Reynolds-number actuator driven by instability: rotating or oscillating. Nonlinear Dyn., 106, 2005-2019, 2021.
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E. Han, L. Zhu, J. W. Shaevitz, H. Stone. Low-Reynolds-number, biflagellated Quincke swimmers with multiple forms of motion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 118 (29) e2022000118, 2021.
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Y. Chao*, L. Zhu*, H. Yuan. Rayleigh-Taylor instability of viscous liquid films under a temperature-controlled inclined substrate. Phys. Rev. Fluids, 6, 064001, 2021.
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K. Qin, P. Peng, Y. Chen, H. Nganguia, L. Zhu*, O. S. Pak*. Propulsion of an elastic filament in a shear-thinning fluid. Soft Matter, 17, 3829-3839, 2021.
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Y. E. Yu, M. Magnini, L. Zhu, S. Shim, H. A. Stone. Non-unique bubble dynamics in a vertical capillary with an external flow. J. Fluid Mech., 911, A34, 2021.
2020
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Z. Liu, F. Qin, L. Zhu*. Actuating a curved elastic filament for bidirectional propulsion.
Phys. Rev. Fluids, 5, 124101, 2020.
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H. Nganguia, K. Zheng, Y. Chen, O. S. Pak*, L. Zhu*. A note on a swirling squirmer in a shear-thinning fluid. Phys. Fluids, 32, 111906, 2020. Invited Contributions from Early Career Researchers 2020
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C. Kurzthaler, L. Zhu, A. A. Pahlavan, H. A. Stone. Particle motion nearby rough surfaces.
Phys. Rev. Fluids, 5, 08210(R), 2020.
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H. Nganguia, L. Zhu, D. Palaniappan, O. S. Pak. Squirming in a viscous fluid enclosed by a Brinkman medium. Phys. Rev. E, 101, 063105, 2020.
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Z. Liu, F. Qin*, L. Zhu*, R. Yang, X. Luo. Effects of the intrinsic curvature of elastic filaments on the propulsion of a flagellated microrobot. Phys. Fluids, 32, 041902, 2020.
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L. Zhu, H. A. Stone. Harnessing elasticity to generate self-oscillation via an electrohydrodynamic instability. J. Fluid. Mech., 888, A31, 2020.
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Y. Yang, Y. Song, X. Bo, J. Min, O. S. Pak, L. Zhu, M. Wang, J. Tu, A. Kogan, H. Zhang, T. K. Hsiai, Z. Li, W. Gao. A laser-engraved wearable sensor for sensitive detection of uric acid and tyrosine in sweat. Nat. Biotechnol, 38, 217-224, 2020.
Since Jan 2020, Lailai joins NUS as a tenure-track assistant professor
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D. G. Horvath, S. Braza, T. Moore, C. W. Pan, L. Zhu, O. S. Pak, P. Abbyad. Sorting by interfacial tension (SIFT): Label-free enzyme sorting using droplet microfluidics.
Anal. Chim. Acta, 1089, 108-114, 2019.
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M. Ungarish, L. Zhu, H. A. Stone. Inertial gravity current produced by the drainage of a cylindrical reservoir from an outer or inner edge. J. FLuid. Mech., 874, 185-209, 2019.
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I. Shukla, N. Kofman, G. Galestra, L. Zhu, F. Gallaire. Film thickness distribution in gravity-driven pancake-shaped droplets rising in a Hele-Shaw cell. J. FLuid. Mech., 874, 1021-1040, 2019.
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Y. Liu, B. Rallabandi, L. Zhu, A. Gupta, H. A. Stone. Pattern formation in oil-in-water emulsions exposed to a salt gradient. Phys. Rev. Fluids, 4, 084307, 2019.
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L. Zhu, H. A. Stone. Propulsion driven by self-oscillation via an electrohydrodynamic instability. Phys. Rev. Fluids, 4, 061701(R), 2019.
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K. Pietrzyk, H. Nganguia, C. Datt, L. Zhu, G. J. Elfring, O. S. Pak. Flow around a squirmer in a shear-thinning fluid. J Nonnewton Fluid Mech, 268, 101-110, 2019.
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G. Gallino, L. Zhu, F. Gallaire. The Hydrodynamics of a Micro-Rocket Propelled by a Deformable Bubble. Fluids, 268, 4(1), 48, 2019.
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Y. E. Yu, L. Zhu, S. Shim, J. Eggers, H. A. Stone. Time-dependent motion of a confined bubble in a tube: transition between two steady states. J. Fluid Mech., 857, R4, 2018.
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L. Zhu, H. A. Stone. Rotation of a low-Reynolds-number watermill: theory and simulations. J. Fluid Mech., 849, 57-75, 2018.
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G. Galestra, L. Zhu, F. Gallaire. Viscous Taylor droplets in axisymmetric and planar tubes: from Bretherton’s theory to empirical models. Microfluid. Nanofluidics, 22, 67, 2018.
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P. Hadikhani, S. M. H. Hashemi, G. Galestra, L. Zhu, M. A. Modestino, F. Gallaire, D. Psaltis. Inertial manipulation of bubbles in rectangular microfluidic channels. Lab Chip, 18, 1035-1046, 2018.
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N. Xue, S. Khodaparast, L. Zhu, J. K. Nunes, H. Kim, H. A. Stone. Laboratory layered latte. Nat. Commun., 8, 1960, 2017.
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L. Zhu*, F. Gallaire. Bifurcation Dynamics of a Particle-Encapsulating Droplet in Shear Flow. Phys. Rev. Lett., 119, 064502, 2017.
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S. Y. Reigh*, L. Zhu*, F. Gallaire*, E. Lauga*. Swimming with a cage: low-Reynolds-number locomotion inside a droplet. Soft Matter, 13, 3161-3173, 2017.
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L. Zhu*, F. Gallaire* (2016). A pancake droplet translating in a Hele-Shaw cell: lubrication film and flow field. J. Fluid Mech., 798, 955-969, 2016.
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G. Gallino, L. Zhu, F. Gallaire. The stability of a rising droplet: an inertialess non-modal growth mechanism. J. Fluid Mech., 786, R2, 2016.
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L. Zhu*, J. Rabault, L. Brandt. The dynamics of a capsule in a wall-bounded oscillating shear flow. Phys. Fluids, 27, 071902, 2015.
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C. Datt, L. Zhu, G. J. Elfring, O. S. Pak. Squirming through shear-thinning fluids.
J. Fluid Mech., 784, R1, 2015.
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L. Zhu*, L. Brandt. The motion of a deforming capsule through a corner. J. Fluid Mech., 770, 374-397, 2015.
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F. Nadal, O. S. Pak, L. Zhu, L. Brandt, E. Lauga. Rotational propulsion enabled by inertia. Eur. Phys. J. E, 37, 60, 2014.
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L. Zhu*, C. Rorai, D. Mitra, L. Brandt. A microfluidic device to sort capsules by deformability: a numerical study. Soft Matter, 10, 7705-7711, 2014.
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Z. Chen, Z. Yao, L. Zhu, X. Zhang. Hemolysis analysis of axial blood pumps with various structure impellers. J. Mech. Med. Biol., 13, 04, 1350054, 2013.
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L. Zhu*, E. Lauga, L. Brandt. Low-Reynolds-number swimming in a capillary tube.
J. Fluid Mech., 726, 285-311, 2013.
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O. S. Pak, L. Zhu, L. Brandt, E. Lauga. Micropropulsion and microrheology in complex fluids via symmetry breaking. Phys. Fluids, 24, 103102, 2012.
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L. Zhu*, E. Lauga, L. Brandt. Self-propulsion in viscoelastic fluids: Pushers vs. pullers.
Phys. Fluids, 24, 051902, 2012.
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L. Zhu, E. Lauga, L. Brandt. Locomotion by tangential deformation in a polymeric fluid. Phys. Rev. E, 83, 011901, 2011.
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L. Zhu, X. Zhang, Z. Yao. Shape Optimization of the Diffuser Blade of an Axial Blood Pump by Computational Fluid Dynamics. Artif. Organs, 34, 185-192, 2010.